PSYC 354 Homework 4
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Sampling and Probability
When submitting this file, be sure the filename includes your full name,
course and section. Example: HW4_JohnDoe_354B01
Be sure you
have reviewed
this
module/week’s lesson
and presentations along with the practice
data analysis before proceeding to the homework exercises. Complete all analyses
in SPSS, then copy and
paste your output and
graphs into
your homework document file. Answer any written
questions (such as the text-based questions or the APA Participants
section) in the appropriate
place within the same file.
Questions 1–15
Part I: Concepts
These questions are
based on the Nolan and Heinzen reading and end-of-chapter questions.
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Questions 1-10
Fill in the highlighted blanks to
answer/complete the statements.
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1)
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A(n) random
sample
occurs when everyone in
the population has the same
chance of being
selected.
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2)
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The ability to apply research
findings
to contexts
or
samples other than the one
studied is called generalizability.
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3)
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The duplication
of
the results of a research
study in
a different
context or with a different
sample is called
replication.
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4)
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Your own
estimate of
the likelihood
that you will uphold your New
Year's
resolution
is known as a(n)
personal probability.
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5)
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Expected relative-frequency probability is
computed as
the number of successes divided
by the number of trials.
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6)
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The experimental group
is
the group receiving the intervention or treatment of interest.
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7)
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A statement that 2 populations are different from one another is a(n) research hypothesis.
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8)
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If you
find that the groups you
studied differed from each
other more
than would be
expected by chance
alone, you reject the null hypothesis.
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9)
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When you reject the null hypothesis
but the null hypothesis is in fact true, you
have made a(n) Type
I error.
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10)
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When you fail to reject the null hypothesis but the null hypothesis is
false, you
have made a(n) Type II
error.
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Question
11
Researchers were interested in whether touch therapy improves the weight gain of preterm infants and
compared the weight gain over a 3-week period
of infants receiving touch therapy to the weight gain of
infants not receiving touch therapy.
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11-a) What is
the likely
null hypothesis for
this experiment?
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Touch therapy
does not improve the weight gain of preterm infants.
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11-b) What is the likely research
hypothesis for this experiment?
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Touch therapy
does improve the weight gain
of preterm infants.
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Question
12-15
Complete the Nolan
and Heinzen end-of-chapter Exercises
5.26, 5.27, 5.28, and 5.29.
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12) Exercises 5.26
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71/489=0.1452
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13) Exercises 5.27
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8/266=0.0301
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14) Exercises 5.28
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a)
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1.73%
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b)
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80%
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c)
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37.19%
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15) Exercises 5.29
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a)
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0.627
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b)
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0.003
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c)
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0.042
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Part II & Part III
There is no new SPSS material this module/week.
No
questions for Part II or III
.
Part IV: Cumulative
Data provided below for Questions 1 and 2.
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Grade
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Part IV: Questions 1a-1b
The final grades for students in a freshman
seminar are shown in
the left-hand
column. Enter
the data into a new SPSS data
file.
· Create
the appropriate
SPSS graph to show the
distribution
of students’ grades.
· Compute
descriptive
statistics for this data.
· Which measure of central tendency would you
use to describe
this data?
· Why?
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99.00
93.00
89.00
86.00
82.00
79.00
78.00
76.00
75.00
75.00
73.00
72.00
69.00
65.00
63.00
55.00
50.00
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1-a)
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Create the appropriate
SPSS
graph to show the
distribution
of students’ grades.
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Page 3 of 6
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Answer:
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1-b)
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Compute descriptive statistics for this data.
Which measure
of central tendency would you use to
describe this
data?
Why?
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Page 4 of 6
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Answer:
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Descriptives
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Statistic
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Std. Error
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Mean
95% Confidence Interval for Lower Bound
Mean Upper Bound
5% Trimmed Mean
Median
Variance
Grade
Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Range
Interquartile Range
Skewness
Kurtosis
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75.24
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3.097
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68.67
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81.80
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75.32
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75.00
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163.066
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12.770
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50
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99
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49
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17
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-.146
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.550
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.037
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1.063
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Answer:
Measure Of Central Tendency
Mean
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Explanation/Justification:
You generally use the
mean unless there
are
outliers
or
a small amount of observations. Neither is the
case for
this.
Also, the mean and median are only 0.24 points different and the mode
is the same
as the median.
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Page 5 of 6
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Answer:
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Explanation/Justification: You would use a bar graph because the independent variable is nominal and
the
dependent variable is
scale.
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2-b)
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What level of measurement
(nom., ord., scale) is the variable “City”?
What level of measurement
is the variable
“Livability Rating”?
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Nominal
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Scale 2.b. ratings are
ordinal (-2)
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– correction from professor
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Submit Homework
4 by
11:59 p.m. (ET) on
Monday of Module/Week 4. Remember
to name file appropriately.
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