PSYC 355 SPSS Assignment Part 2
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The Center for
Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D Scale)
In the Assignment
Instructions folder, there is an SPSS data file that will be the basis for your
analysis. The data included are fictional and were created solely for this
assignment.
The Center for
Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D scale) is often utilized to
measure depressive symptomology (Radloff, 1977). It is a self-assessment that
is completed by the individual. The CES-D contains 20-items rated on a 4-point
scale (0 = Rarely or None of the Time to 3 = Most or All of the Time). The
phrase “Within the past week did you…” prefaces the questions in order to
emphasize recent depressive mood. Scores are summed and can range from 0 to 60.
Traditionally, individuals with scores over 16 are identified as “depressed” (Weissman,
et al., 1977), though due to high false positive rates, a score of 27 is
considered a more useful cut-off (Zich, et al., 1990). The full scale can be
accessed at: http://www.chcr.brown.edu/pcoc/cesdscale.pdf. Items 4, 8, 12, and
16 are reversed to avoid “yay-saying” or “nay saying” (Radloff, 1977). Several
studies have validated four subscales across a variety of subgroups (i.e.,
depressive affect, well-being, somatic, and interpersonal) (Gliem & Gliem,
2003).
Reliability and
Subtest Scoring
You will continue the
analysis of the CES-D data by learning to score the survey and create subtest
scores. Note: we are creating our own norms on this survey for Friberg
University students so there are no scores for comparison.
According to Knight,
Williams, McGee, and Olaman (1997) and many others (e.g., Gliem & Gliem,
2003), the following subscales can be calculated:
CES-D Subscales
DA = Depressive Affect
W = Well-being
S = Somatic
I = Interpersonal
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DA
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I
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S
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Reverse code the appropriate items (4, 8, 12, and 16) for
calculating the total score (0 becomes 3, 1 becomes 2, 2 becomes 1, and 3
becomes 0).
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Compute the total CES-D score.
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Compute the four subscale scores. (Note: Be careful when
interpreting “well-being.”)
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Calculate Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale and each
subscale.
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Create a single table to show the appropriate measures of
central tendency and dispersion for all of the variables (total, depressive
affect, well-being, somatic, and interpersonal).
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Create the appropriate graphs to show the distribution of scores
for each subscale.
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Write a summary paragraph explaining the outcome: Overall,
scores ranged from X to XX (M = X, SD = X.X), indicating…. Subscale scores
revealed…. Be sure to include means, standard deviations, Cronbach’s alphas,
and interpretations of the data.
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