PSYC
101 Final Exam Question 1
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1. Which of
these is true of brain development?
Dendrite
branching accelerates during infancy
Myelination takes
place during infancy
There is an
increase in synaptic connections during childhood
All of the above
are true
2 points
Question 2
1. A(n)
_____ is any agent that causes a birth defect.
androgen
teratogen
proestrogen
estrogen
2 points
Question 3
1. According
to Piaget, assimilation occurs when individuals _____.
adjust their
schemas to new information
incorporate new
information into existing schemas
are deprived of
parental warmth and sensitivity
are insecurely
attached to their caregivers
2 points
Question 4
1. Which of
the following is the correct sequence of the stages of prenatal development?
Conception,
zygote, embryonic period, fetal period
Conception,
embryonic period, zygote, fetal period
Conception, fetal
period, embryonic period, zygote
Conception, fetal
period, zygote, embryonic period
2 points
Question 5
1. Which
theory of aging has focused on the role of chronic stress in reducing immune
system functioning?
Erikson's theory
of socioemotional development
Free-radical
theory
Cellular-clock
theory
Hormonal stress
theory
2 points
Question 6
1. Which
researcher tracked individuals who had experienced bereavement, and looked at
their patterns of grief?
George Bonanno
James Marcia
Ernest Becker
Elizabeth
Kubler-Ross
2 points
Question 7
1. Four-month-old
baby Oscar is a participant in a preferential looking experiment. Researchers
show Oscar two photos, one of which is of his mother's face, and the other
which is of a female stranger's face. The photos are presented repeatedly in
differing locations, and the amount of time Oscar spends looking at the photos
is recorded. What will researchers conclude if Oscar shows a reliable
preference for his mother's face over the stranger's face?
Oscar can
discriminate his mother's face from a stranger's face.
Oscar is afraid
of strangers.
Oscar likes
strangers as much as his mothers.
Oscar can't see very
well.
2 points
Question 8
1. Which of
the following refers to a period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturation that
occurs mainly in early adolescence?
Sensorimotor
stage
Preoperational
stage
Puberty
Menopause
2 points
Question 9
1. Which of
the following represents the correct chronological sequence of Piaget's stages
of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor,
preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations
Sensorimotor,
concrete operations, preoperations, formal operations
Preoperations,
concrete operations, formal operations, sensorimotor
Concrete
operations, formal operations, sensorimotor, preoperations
2 points
Question 10
1. Which of
the following is true about the concrete operational stage of reasoning?
Adolescents can
conceive of hypothetical possibilities in this stage.
This stage
denotes ability of an adolescent to systematically deduce, or come to a
conclusion about, the best path for solving the problem.
A kind of
abstract, logical reasoning occurs in this cognitive stage.
One important
skill at this stage of reasoning is the ability to classify or divide things
into different sets or subsets and to consider their interrelations.
2 points
Question 11
1. Benjamin
loves putting together puzzles. He has recently mastered putting together a
10-piece Sesame Street puzzle. His mother claps at his accomplishment but wants
to continue challenging Benjamin just beyond his current abilities. The next
time they play, she gives Benjamin a 15-piece puzzle and offers some guidance
on how to sort the pieces out. According to Vygotsky, Benjamin's mother
provides _____ that allows Benjamin's cognitive abilities to be built higher
and higher.
accommodating
assimilation
scaffolding
conservation
2 points
Question 12
1. Juan is a
child with low activity level and tends to withdraw from new situations. He is
inflexible, and displays low mood intensity. Juan is said to have what type of
temperament?
Easy
Difficult
Slow-to-warm-up
Aversive
2 points
Question 13
1. Which of
these is not an example of an ability that is present at birth?
Sucking
Object permanence
Blinking
Swallowing
2 points
Question 14
1. A(n)_____
is a mental framework for understanding what it means to be male or female in
one's culture.
gender schema
gender diversity
gender bias
gender
orientation
2 points
Question 15
1. If
children cannot grasp the concept of conservation, they are unable to _____.
accommodate in
later life
see things from
the point of view of another person
recognize that
the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape
retain earlier
schemas when confronted with new experiences
2 points
Question 16
1. Neuroleptic
drugs _____.
are antianxiety
drugs
reduce
schizophrenic symptoms
effectively block
serotonin activity in the brain
cure
schizophrenia
2 points
Question 17
1. A
therapist who uses cognitive restructuring believes that _____ are the causes
of abnormal behavior.
parental
relationships
maladaptive
beliefs
chemical
imbalances
childhood
experiences
2 points
Question 18
1. Which
therapist is most closely associated with client-centered therapy?
Heinz Kohut
Albert Bandura
Sigmund Freud
Carl
Rogers
2 points
Question 19
1. _____
treat depression by inhibiting reabsorption of serotonin in the brain.
Tricylics
Monoamine oxidase
(MAO) inhibitors
Selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Benzodiazepines
2 points
Question 20
1. The
therapeutic alliance is the relationship between the therapist and _____.
the client
the American
Psychiatric Association
the local
government
other
professional therapists who practice in the same state
2 points
Question 21
1. John does
not have much money, but requires the help of a mental health professional. He
might best be served by contacting a _____.
board-certified
psychiatrist
self-help support
group
humanistic
therapist
counseling
psychologist
2 points
Question 22
1. Validation,
reframing, structural change, and detriangulation are techniques commonly used
in _____.
psychoanalysis
cognitive therapy
family therapy
behavioral
therapy
2 points
Question 23
1. Lithium
is commonly used to treat _____.
panic attack
disorder
bipolar disorder
schizophrenia
major depression
2 points
Question 24
1. Tranquilizers
are _____ drugs.
antianxiety
antidepressant
antipsychotic
MAO inhibitor
2 points
Question 25
1. According
to the psychoanalytic approach to psychotherapy, which of the following is an
essential part of the job of a psychotherapist?
Point out
inconsistencies in the patient's thoughts and behaviors
Encourage the
patient to explore his or her potential for growth
Encourage the
client to assess his or her own problems through client-centered therapy
Interpret the
disguised revelations of the unconscious mind to the patient
2 points
Question 26
1. One
potential side effect of neuroleptic drugs is _____, a neurological disorder
characterized by involuntary random movements of the facial muscles, tongue,
and mouth, as well as extensive twitching of the neck, arms, and legs.
insomnia
schizophrenia
tardive
dyskinesia
transference
2 points
Question 27
1. _____ is
very directive, persuasive, and confrontational. In contrast, _____ involves
more of an open-ended dialogue between the therapist and the individual.
Beck's cognitive
therapy / rational-emotive behavior therapy
Rational-emotive
behavior therapy / Beck's cognitive therapy
Client-centered
therapy / behavior therapy
Integrative
therapy / psychodynamic therapy
2 points
Question 28
1. Which
form of treatment, developed by Moniz and used widely by Freeman, involves
severing neural fibers connecting parts of the brain?
Prefrontal
lobotomy
Electroconvulsive
therapy
Antipsychotic
disengagement
Thalamectomy
2 points
Question 29
1. A test
taker of the _____ is asked to tell a story about each of the pictures, including
events leading up to the situation described, the characters' thoughts and
feelings, and the way the situation turns out.
Rorschach test
Thematic
Apperception Test
empirically keyed
test
Minnesota
Multiphasic Personality Inventory
2 points
Question 30
1. Gladys is
a therapist who is constantly reminding her clients that people have a natural
capacity for personal growth and positive qualities. Gladys likely endorses the
_____ of personality.
psychodynamic
perspective
humanistic perspective
learning
perspective
trait perspective
2 points
Question 31
1. Trait
theories of personality _____.
state that
situational factors override personal characteristics
focus on the role
of the unconscious
take a more
optimistic view of human nature than humanistic psychologists do
examine personal
characteristics that are stable across situations
2 points
Question 32
1. Which of
the following neurotransmitters is associated with extraversion?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
GABA
2 points
Question 33
1. The
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) was created by _____.
Sigmund Freud
Karen Horney
Alfred Adler
Henry Murray
2 points
Question 34
1. Adler's
view that people are motivated by purposes and goals and that perfection, not
pleasure, is thus the key motivator in human life is known as _____.
individual
psychology
humanistic theory
trait theory
social cognitive
theory
2 points
Question 35
1. A(n)
_____ is a type of self-report test that is created by first identifying two
groups that are
known to be different.
thematic
apperception test
empirically keyed
test
Rorschach inkblot
test
personology
inventory
2 points
Question 36
1. "Personology"
refers to _____.
an old, outdated
term for personality psychology
the study of the
whole person
the study of how
individuals operate within groups
the study of
healthy, well-adjusted individuals
2 points
Question 37
1. Which of
the following perspectives emphasizes that personality is primarily
unconscious?
Social cognitive
perspectives
Psychodynamic
perspectives
Humanistic
perspectives
Personological
and life story perspectives
2 points
Question 38
1. _____ are
enduring characteristics of our personality. _____ are briefer or more
temporary experiences.
States / Traits
Traits / States
Conditions of
worth / Archetypes
Archetypes /
Conditions of worth
2 points
Question 39
1. According
to Rogers, we are all born with a need for_____, or a need to be liked, loved,
and accepted by those around us.
unconditional
positive regard
conditions of
worth
the collective
unconscious
catharsis
2 points
Question 40
1. Alex is
shy and keeps to himself most of the time. Alex would score low on what trait?
Openness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
2 points
Question 41
1. According
to Bandura's concept of _____ determinism, the person, the person's behavior,
and the environment all influence one another.
reciprocal
causal
humanistic
psychodynamic
2 points
Question 42
1. What
happened within the Stanford Prison Study?
The experiment
ran for the full two weeks for which it was scheduled
The experiment
was cut off after 6 days because the prisoners and guards didn't care about
their roles
The experiment
was cut off after six days because of concerns for participant safety
The experiment
was cut off after guards administered 450 volt shocks to prisoners
2 points
Question 43
1. According
to attribution theory, attributions vary along which of the following
dimensions?
Internal/external
causes
Known/unknown
causes
Regular/irregular
causes
Consistent/inconsistent
causes
2 points
Question 44
1. When
thinking about a situation, the observer is more likely to think about ______
factors, while the actor is more likely to view it in terms of ______ factors.
Personality /
situational
Situational /
personality
External /
situational
Internal /
personality
2 points
Question 45
1. The _____
is the overestimation of the degree to which everybody else thinks or acts the
way we do.
fundamental
attribution error
self-serving bias
stereotype threat
false consensus
effect
2 points
Question 46
1. The
effects of others on our behavior can take the form of _____, imitative
behavior involving the spread of behavior, emotions, and ideas.
egoism
altruism
social contagion
social loafing
2 points
Question 47
1. Robert
Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobsen conducted a study in 1968. The researchers told
grade-school teachers that five students were likely to be "late
bloomers" - that these students had high levels of ability that would
likely emerge over time. In reality, the students had been randomly selected by
the researchers. Nonetheless, a year later, the researchers found that
teachers' expectations for the "late bloomers" were reflected in
student performance - the academic performance of the "late bloomers"
was beyond that of other students. The results from this study demonstrate
which of the following concepts?
Cognitive
dissonance theory
The butterfly
effect
The
self-fulfilling prophecy
The self-serving
bias
20 points
Question 48
1. You watch
as another student stumbles and drops her books in the hall. According to the
fundamental attribution error, how would you explain the student's behavior?
She must have
tripped over something.
She is a clumsy
person.
She couldn't help
it; there were too many books to carry.
She was trying to
get out of someone else's way.
2 points
Question 49
1. When
people try to convince Alan to stop smoking, he replies, "It's not
dangerous, my Uncle Bob smoked all his life and lived until he was 93."
This statement, which is an example of self-justification, illustrates Alan's
attempt to reduce _____.
stereotype threat
cognitive
dissonance
the self-serving
bias
the fundamental
attribution error
2 points
Question 50
1. Central
route persuasion _____.
involves the use
of non-message factors, such as the source's credibility and attractiveness
involves engaging
someone thoughtfully with a sound, logical argument
involves
emotional appeals
involves altruism
2 points
Question 51
1. _____
refers to the tendency to take credit for one's own successes and to deny
responsibility for one's own failures.
Positive illusion
Learned
helplessness
Self-serving bias
Stereotyping
2 points
Question 52
1. Social
loafing refers to the _____.
tendency for
people to exert less effort when working in groups than when working alone
tendency for
people to exert more effort when working in groups than when working alone
tendency to spend
more time being productive when in the company of one's peers
social norm that
obligates the general public to help those who may not be completely able to
help themselves (e.g., children and the elderly)
2 points
Question 53
1. Which is
an example of the peripheral route in persuasion?
Sharing data on
the issue
Providing facts
on the issue
Appealing to the
emotions of the individual
Using logic and
reason
2 points
Question 54
1. In which
type of culture is conformity stronger?
Individualistic
Collectivistic
Capitalistic
Nativistic
2 points
Question 55
1. Chad regularly
experiences motor tension, hyperactivity, and apprehensive expectations and
thoughts. It is likely that Chad suffers from a(n) _____.
mood disorder
anxiety disorder
personality
disorder
dissociative
disorder
2 points
Question 56
1. _____ is
a mood disorder that is characterized by extreme mood swings that include one
or more episodes of mania, an overexcited, unrealistically optimistic state.
Major depressive
disorder
Dysthymic
disorder
Bipolar disorder
Generalized
anxiety disorder
2 points
Question 57
1. Individuals
with bulimia nervosa tend to have _____ of perfectionism and _____ of
self-efficacy.
high levels /
high levels
high levels / low
levels
low levels / high
levels
low levels / low
levels
2 points
Question 58
1. In the
film A Beautiful Mind, John Nash hears and sees people who are not actually
there. These sensations are examples of _____.
hallucinations
delusions
mirages
catatonia
2 points
Question 59
1. In 1973
Rosenhan conducted a study in which eight healthy individuals were committed to
a psychiatric hospital. What did the results of this study demonstrate?
College students
are very susceptible to mental health issues.
Doctors are
always correct in their diagnosis of Schizophrenia.
Once a person has
been labeled with a psychological disorder, that label affects how others
perceive everything else he or she does.
If you are
treated for Schizophrenia at an early age, you are likely to recover fully.
2 points
Question 60
1. Anne, a
mother of two young children, developed amnesia, traveled across the country,
and assumed a new identity as an accountant. When her husband and children
tracked her down several months later, she had no recollection of her earlier
life. Anne would likely be diagnosed with _____.
borderline
personality disorder
antisocial
personality disorder
multi-personality
disorder
dissociative
fugue
2 points
Question 61
1. Which of
these reflects a change included in the newest (fifth) edition of the DSM?
The addition of
Asperger's Syndrome
The new edition
does not allow a diagnosis of major depression for those suffering grief over
the death of a loved one
The addition of
Disruptive Mood Regulation Disorder
Some of the diagnostic
criteria for Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder have been made more
strict
2 points
Question 62
1. Individuals
who suffer from anorexia nervosa weigh less than _____ of what is considered
normal for age and height and refuse to maintain weight at a healthy level.
65 percent
70 percent
85 percent
90 percent
2 points
Question 63
1. Which of
the following was formerly called multiple personality disorder?
Dissociative
amnesia
Dissociative
identity disorder
Dissociative
fugue
Schizophrenia
2 points
Question 64
1. _____ is
characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal
relationships, self-image, and emotions, and of marked impulsivity beginning by
early adulthood and present in various contexts.
Schizophrenia
Dissociative
identity disorder
Antisocial
personality disorder
Borderline
personality disorder
2 points
Question 65
1. Which of
these is the primary tool used in the United States for the classification of
mental disorders?
Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
International
Classification of Diseases and Related Problems
Disorder
Selection Manual
Symptoms and
Classification of Disorders (5)
2 points
Question 66
1. The _____
of Schizophrenia are marked by a distortion or an excess of normal function,
whereas _____ reflect social withdrawal, behavioral deficits, and the loss or
decrease of normal functions.
positive symptoms
/ negative symptoms
negative symptoms
/ positive symptoms
physical symptoms
/ psychic symptoms
psychological
symptoms / physical symptoms
2 points
Question 67
1. A fear
becomes a phobia when _____.
a doctor
diagnoses it as such
an individual
will go to any length to avoid the object of the fear
a person can
specifically identify what they are afraid of
a person cannot
identify the source of their nervous feelings
2 points
Question 68
1. According
to the Yerkes-Dodson law, performance is best under conditions of _____
arousal.
no
low
moderate
high
2 points
Question 69
1. According
to self-determination theory, competence motivation involves _____.
drive-reduction
self-efficacy and
mastery
environmental
stimuli
maintaining
optimal arousal
2 points
Question 70
1. The _____
of an emotion refers to whether it feels pleasant or unpleasant. The _____ of
an emotion is the degree to which the emotion is reflected in an individual's
being active, engaged, or excited versus more passive, relatively disengaged,
or calm.
arousal level /
valence
valence / arousal
level
manifestation /
valence
valence /
manifestation
2 points
Question 71
1. Soccer
players are expected to congratulate and shake hands with the opposing team,
even when their team loses the game. This is an example of _____.
a display rule
a set point
the two-factor
theory of emotion
the Yerkes-Dodson
law
2 points
Question 72
1. Adding
external rewards to a situation in which the person is already intrinsically
motivated to perform usually results in _____.
neutral intrinsic
motivation
maximized
extrinsic motivation
reduced intrinsic
motivation
reduced extrinsic
motivation
2 points
Question 73
1. The
highest and most elusive of Maslow's needs is _____.
esteem
self-actualization
belongingness
competence
2 points
Question 74
1. The _____
calms the body.
sympathetic
nervous system
non-adrenergic
neurons
parasympathetic
nervous system
non-cholinergic
neuronsPSYC
101 Final Exam Question 1
Click Link Below To Buy:
Contact Us:
Hwcoursehelp@gmail.com
1. Which of
these is true of brain development?
Dendrite
branching accelerates during infancy
Myelination takes
place during infancy
There is an
increase in synaptic connections during childhood
All of the above
are true
2 points
Question 2
1. A(n)
_____ is any agent that causes a birth defect.
androgen
teratogen
proestrogen
estrogen
2 points
Question 3
1. According
to Piaget, assimilation occurs when individuals _____.
adjust their
schemas to new information
incorporate new
information into existing schemas
are deprived of
parental warmth and sensitivity
are insecurely
attached to their caregivers
2 points
Question 4
1. Which of
the following is the correct sequence of the stages of prenatal development?
Conception,
zygote, embryonic period, fetal period
Conception,
embryonic period, zygote, fetal period
Conception, fetal
period, embryonic period, zygote
Conception, fetal
period, zygote, embryonic period
2 points
Question 5
1. Which
theory of aging has focused on the role of chronic stress in reducing immune
system functioning?
Erikson's theory
of socioemotional development
Free-radical
theory
Cellular-clock
theory
Hormonal stress
theory
2 points
Question 6
1. Which
researcher tracked individuals who had experienced bereavement, and looked at
their patterns of grief?
George Bonanno
James Marcia
Ernest Becker
Elizabeth
Kubler-Ross
2 points
Question 7
1. Four-month-old
baby Oscar is a participant in a preferential looking experiment. Researchers
show Oscar two photos, one of which is of his mother's face, and the other
which is of a female stranger's face. The photos are presented repeatedly in
differing locations, and the amount of time Oscar spends looking at the photos
is recorded. What will researchers conclude if Oscar shows a reliable
preference for his mother's face over the stranger's face?
Oscar can
discriminate his mother's face from a stranger's face.
Oscar is afraid
of strangers.
Oscar likes
strangers as much as his mothers.
Oscar can't see very
well.
2 points
Question 8
1. Which of
the following refers to a period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturation that
occurs mainly in early adolescence?
Sensorimotor
stage
Preoperational
stage
Puberty
Menopause
2 points
Question 9
1. Which of
the following represents the correct chronological sequence of Piaget's stages
of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor,
preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations
Sensorimotor,
concrete operations, preoperations, formal operations
Preoperations,
concrete operations, formal operations, sensorimotor
Concrete
operations, formal operations, sensorimotor, preoperations
2 points
Question 10
1. Which of
the following is true about the concrete operational stage of reasoning?
Adolescents can
conceive of hypothetical possibilities in this stage.
This stage
denotes ability of an adolescent to systematically deduce, or come to a
conclusion about, the best path for solving the problem.
A kind of
abstract, logical reasoning occurs in this cognitive stage.
One important
skill at this stage of reasoning is the ability to classify or divide things
into different sets or subsets and to consider their interrelations.
2 points
Question 11
1. Benjamin
loves putting together puzzles. He has recently mastered putting together a
10-piece Sesame Street puzzle. His mother claps at his accomplishment but wants
to continue challenging Benjamin just beyond his current abilities. The next
time they play, she gives Benjamin a 15-piece puzzle and offers some guidance
on how to sort the pieces out. According to Vygotsky, Benjamin's mother
provides _____ that allows Benjamin's cognitive abilities to be built higher
and higher.
accommodating
assimilation
scaffolding
conservation
2 points
Question 12
1. Juan is a
child with low activity level and tends to withdraw from new situations. He is
inflexible, and displays low mood intensity. Juan is said to have what type of
temperament?
Easy
Difficult
Slow-to-warm-up
Aversive
2 points
Question 13
1. Which of
these is not an example of an ability that is present at birth?
Sucking
Object permanence
Blinking
Swallowing
2 points
Question 14
1. A(n)_____
is a mental framework for understanding what it means to be male or female in
one's culture.
gender schema
gender diversity
gender bias
gender
orientation
2 points
Question 15
1. If
children cannot grasp the concept of conservation, they are unable to _____.
accommodate in
later life
see things from
the point of view of another person
recognize that
the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape
retain earlier
schemas when confronted with new experiences
2 points
Question 16
1. Neuroleptic
drugs _____.
are antianxiety
drugs
reduce
schizophrenic symptoms
effectively block
serotonin activity in the brain
cure
schizophrenia
2 points
Question 17
1. A
therapist who uses cognitive restructuring believes that _____ are the causes
of abnormal behavior.
parental
relationships
maladaptive
beliefs
chemical
imbalances
childhood
experiences
2 points
Question 18
1. Which
therapist is most closely associated with client-centered therapy?
Heinz Kohut
Albert Bandura
Sigmund Freud
Carl
Rogers
2 points
Question 19
1. _____
treat depression by inhibiting reabsorption of serotonin in the brain.
Tricylics
Monoamine oxidase
(MAO) inhibitors
Selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Benzodiazepines
2 points
Question 20
1. The
therapeutic alliance is the relationship between the therapist and _____.
the client
the American
Psychiatric Association
the local
government
other
professional therapists who practice in the same state
2 points
Question 21
1. John does
not have much money, but requires the help of a mental health professional. He
might best be served by contacting a _____.
board-certified
psychiatrist
self-help support
group
humanistic
therapist
counseling
psychologist
2 points
Question 22
1. Validation,
reframing, structural change, and detriangulation are techniques commonly used
in _____.
psychoanalysis
cognitive therapy
family therapy
behavioral
therapy
2 points
Question 23
1. Lithium
is commonly used to treat _____.
panic attack
disorder
bipolar disorder
schizophrenia
major depression
2 points
Question 24
1. Tranquilizers
are _____ drugs.
antianxiety
antidepressant
antipsychotic
MAO inhibitor
2 points
Question 25
1. According
to the psychoanalytic approach to psychotherapy, which of the following is an
essential part of the job of a psychotherapist?
Point out
inconsistencies in the patient's thoughts and behaviors
Encourage the
patient to explore his or her potential for growth
Encourage the
client to assess his or her own problems through client-centered therapy
Interpret the
disguised revelations of the unconscious mind to the patient
2 points
Question 26
1. One
potential side effect of neuroleptic drugs is _____, a neurological disorder
characterized by involuntary random movements of the facial muscles, tongue,
and mouth, as well as extensive twitching of the neck, arms, and legs.
insomnia
schizophrenia
tardive
dyskinesia
transference
2 points
Question 27
1. _____ is
very directive, persuasive, and confrontational. In contrast, _____ involves
more of an open-ended dialogue between the therapist and the individual.
Beck's cognitive
therapy / rational-emotive behavior therapy
Rational-emotive
behavior therapy / Beck's cognitive therapy
Client-centered
therapy / behavior therapy
Integrative
therapy / psychodynamic therapy
2 points
Question 28
1. Which
form of treatment, developed by Moniz and used widely by Freeman, involves
severing neural fibers connecting parts of the brain?
Prefrontal
lobotomy
Electroconvulsive
therapy
Antipsychotic
disengagement
Thalamectomy
2 points
Question 29
1. A test
taker of the _____ is asked to tell a story about each of the pictures, including
events leading up to the situation described, the characters' thoughts and
feelings, and the way the situation turns out.
Rorschach test
Thematic
Apperception Test
empirically keyed
test
Minnesota
Multiphasic Personality Inventory
2 points
Question 30
1. Gladys is
a therapist who is constantly reminding her clients that people have a natural
capacity for personal growth and positive qualities. Gladys likely endorses the
_____ of personality.
psychodynamic
perspective
humanistic perspective
learning
perspective
trait perspective
2 points
Question 31
1. Trait
theories of personality _____.
state that
situational factors override personal characteristics
focus on the role
of the unconscious
take a more
optimistic view of human nature than humanistic psychologists do
examine personal
characteristics that are stable across situations
2 points
Question 32
1. Which of
the following neurotransmitters is associated with extraversion?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
GABA
2 points
Question 33
1. The
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) was created by _____.
Sigmund Freud
Karen Horney
Alfred Adler
Henry Murray
2 points
Question 34
1. Adler's
view that people are motivated by purposes and goals and that perfection, not
pleasure, is thus the key motivator in human life is known as _____.
individual
psychology
humanistic theory
trait theory
social cognitive
theory
2 points
Question 35
1. A(n)
_____ is a type of self-report test that is created by first identifying two
groups that are
known to be different.
thematic
apperception test
empirically keyed
test
Rorschach inkblot
test
personology
inventory
2 points
Question 36
1. "Personology"
refers to _____.
an old, outdated
term for personality psychology
the study of the
whole person
the study of how
individuals operate within groups
the study of
healthy, well-adjusted individuals
2 points
Question 37
1. Which of
the following perspectives emphasizes that personality is primarily
unconscious?
Social cognitive
perspectives
Psychodynamic
perspectives
Humanistic
perspectives
Personological
and life story perspectives
2 points
Question 38
1. _____ are
enduring characteristics of our personality. _____ are briefer or more
temporary experiences.
States / Traits
Traits / States
Conditions of
worth / Archetypes
Archetypes /
Conditions of worth
2 points
Question 39
1. According
to Rogers, we are all born with a need for_____, or a need to be liked, loved,
and accepted by those around us.
unconditional
positive regard
conditions of
worth
the collective
unconscious
catharsis
2 points
Question 40
1. Alex is
shy and keeps to himself most of the time. Alex would score low on what trait?
Openness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
2 points
Question 41
1. According
to Bandura's concept of _____ determinism, the person, the person's behavior,
and the environment all influence one another.
reciprocal
causal
humanistic
psychodynamic
2 points
Question 42
1. What
happened within the Stanford Prison Study?
The experiment
ran for the full two weeks for which it was scheduled
The experiment
was cut off after 6 days because the prisoners and guards didn't care about
their roles
The experiment
was cut off after six days because of concerns for participant safety
The experiment
was cut off after guards administered 450 volt shocks to prisoners
2 points
Question 43
1. According
to attribution theory, attributions vary along which of the following
dimensions?
Internal/external
causes
Known/unknown
causes
Regular/irregular
causes
Consistent/inconsistent
causes
2 points
Question 44
1. When
thinking about a situation, the observer is more likely to think about ______
factors, while the actor is more likely to view it in terms of ______ factors.
Personality /
situational
Situational /
personality
External /
situational
Internal /
personality
2 points
Question 45
1. The _____
is the overestimation of the degree to which everybody else thinks or acts the
way we do.
fundamental
attribution error
self-serving bias
stereotype threat
false consensus
effect
2 points
Question 46
1. The
effects of others on our behavior can take the form of _____, imitative
behavior involving the spread of behavior, emotions, and ideas.
egoism
altruism
social contagion
social loafing
2 points
Question 47
1. Robert
Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobsen conducted a study in 1968. The researchers told
grade-school teachers that five students were likely to be "late
bloomers" - that these students had high levels of ability that would
likely emerge over time. In reality, the students had been randomly selected by
the researchers. Nonetheless, a year later, the researchers found that
teachers' expectations for the "late bloomers" were reflected in
student performance - the academic performance of the "late bloomers"
was beyond that of other students. The results from this study demonstrate
which of the following concepts?
Cognitive
dissonance theory
The butterfly
effect
The
self-fulfilling prophecy
The self-serving
bias
20 points
Question 48
1. You watch
as another student stumbles and drops her books in the hall. According to the
fundamental attribution error, how would you explain the student's behavior?
She must have
tripped over something.
She is a clumsy
person.
She couldn't help
it; there were too many books to carry.
She was trying to
get out of someone else's way.
2 points
Question 49
1. When
people try to convince Alan to stop smoking, he replies, "It's not
dangerous, my Uncle Bob smoked all his life and lived until he was 93."
This statement, which is an example of self-justification, illustrates Alan's
attempt to reduce _____.
stereotype threat
cognitive
dissonance
the self-serving
bias
the fundamental
attribution error
2 points
Question 50
1. Central
route persuasion _____.
involves the use
of non-message factors, such as the source's credibility and attractiveness
involves engaging
someone thoughtfully with a sound, logical argument
involves
emotional appeals
involves altruism
2 points
Question 51
1. _____
refers to the tendency to take credit for one's own successes and to deny
responsibility for one's own failures.
Positive illusion
Learned
helplessness
Self-serving bias
Stereotyping
2 points
Question 52
1. Social
loafing refers to the _____.
tendency for
people to exert less effort when working in groups than when working alone
tendency for
people to exert more effort when working in groups than when working alone
tendency to spend
more time being productive when in the company of one's peers
social norm that
obligates the general public to help those who may not be completely able to
help themselves (e.g., children and the elderly)
2 points
Question 53
1. Which is
an example of the peripheral route in persuasion?
Sharing data on
the issue
Providing facts
on the issue
Appealing to the
emotions of the individual
Using logic and
reason
2 points
Question 54
1. In which
type of culture is conformity stronger?
Individualistic
Collectivistic
Capitalistic
Nativistic
2 points
Question 55
1. Chad regularly
experiences motor tension, hyperactivity, and apprehensive expectations and
thoughts. It is likely that Chad suffers from a(n) _____.
mood disorder
anxiety disorder
personality
disorder
dissociative
disorder
2 points
Question 56
1. _____ is
a mood disorder that is characterized by extreme mood swings that include one
or more episodes of mania, an overexcited, unrealistically optimistic state.
Major depressive
disorder
Dysthymic
disorder
Bipolar disorder
Generalized
anxiety disorder
2 points
Question 57
1. Individuals
with bulimia nervosa tend to have _____ of perfectionism and _____ of
self-efficacy.
high levels /
high levels
high levels / low
levels
low levels / high
levels
low levels / low
levels
2 points
Question 58
1. In the
film A Beautiful Mind, John Nash hears and sees people who are not actually
there. These sensations are examples of _____.
hallucinations
delusions
mirages
catatonia
2 points
Question 59
1. In 1973
Rosenhan conducted a study in which eight healthy individuals were committed to
a psychiatric hospital. What did the results of this study demonstrate?
College students
are very susceptible to mental health issues.
Doctors are
always correct in their diagnosis of Schizophrenia.
Once a person has
been labeled with a psychological disorder, that label affects how others
perceive everything else he or she does.
If you are
treated for Schizophrenia at an early age, you are likely to recover fully.
2 points
Question 60
1. Anne, a
mother of two young children, developed amnesia, traveled across the country,
and assumed a new identity as an accountant. When her husband and children
tracked her down several months later, she had no recollection of her earlier
life. Anne would likely be diagnosed with _____.
borderline
personality disorder
antisocial
personality disorder
multi-personality
disorder
dissociative
fugue
2 points
Question 61
1. Which of
these reflects a change included in the newest (fifth) edition of the DSM?
The addition of
Asperger's Syndrome
The new edition
does not allow a diagnosis of major depression for those suffering grief over
the death of a loved one
The addition of
Disruptive Mood Regulation Disorder
Some of the diagnostic
criteria for Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder have been made more
strict
2 points
Question 62
1. Individuals
who suffer from anorexia nervosa weigh less than _____ of what is considered
normal for age and height and refuse to maintain weight at a healthy level.
65 percent
70 percent
85 percent
90 percent
2 points
Question 63
1. Which of
the following was formerly called multiple personality disorder?
Dissociative
amnesia
Dissociative
identity disorder
Dissociative
fugue
Schizophrenia
2 points
Question 64
1. _____ is
characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal
relationships, self-image, and emotions, and of marked impulsivity beginning by
early adulthood and present in various contexts.
Schizophrenia
Dissociative
identity disorder
Antisocial
personality disorder
Borderline
personality disorder
2 points
Question 65
1. Which of
these is the primary tool used in the United States for the classification of
mental disorders?
Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
International
Classification of Diseases and Related Problems
Disorder
Selection Manual
Symptoms and
Classification of Disorders (5)
2 points
Question 66
1. The _____
of Schizophrenia are marked by a distortion or an excess of normal function,
whereas _____ reflect social withdrawal, behavioral deficits, and the loss or
decrease of normal functions.
positive symptoms
/ negative symptoms
negative symptoms
/ positive symptoms
physical symptoms
/ psychic symptoms
psychological
symptoms / physical symptoms
2 points
Question 67
1. A fear
becomes a phobia when _____.
a doctor
diagnoses it as such
an individual
will go to any length to avoid the object of the fear
a person can
specifically identify what they are afraid of
a person cannot
identify the source of their nervous feelings
2 points
Question 68
1. According
to the Yerkes-Dodson law, performance is best under conditions of _____
arousal.
no
low
moderate
high
2 points
Question 69
1. According
to self-determination theory, competence motivation involves _____.
drive-reduction
self-efficacy and
mastery
environmental
stimuli
maintaining
optimal arousal
2 points
Question 70
1. The _____
of an emotion refers to whether it feels pleasant or unpleasant. The _____ of
an emotion is the degree to which the emotion is reflected in an individual's
being active, engaged, or excited versus more passive, relatively disengaged,
or calm.
arousal level /
valence
valence / arousal
level
manifestation /
valence
valence /
manifestation
2 points
Question 71
1. Soccer
players are expected to congratulate and shake hands with the opposing team,
even when their team loses the game. This is an example of _____.
a display rule
a set point
the two-factor
theory of emotion
the Yerkes-Dodson
law
2 points
Question 72
1. Adding
external rewards to a situation in which the person is already intrinsically
motivated to perform usually results in _____.
neutral intrinsic
motivation
maximized
extrinsic motivation
reduced intrinsic
motivation
reduced extrinsic
motivation
2 points
Question 73
1. The
highest and most elusive of Maslow's needs is _____.
esteem
self-actualization
belongingness
competence
2 points
Question 74
1. The _____
calms the body.
sympathetic
nervous system
non-adrenergic
neurons
parasympathetic
nervous system
non-cholinergic
neurons
2 points
Question 75
1. You just
ran a marathon in very hot weather and perspired heavily. According to drive
reduction theory, your body will have a(n) _____ for water, which will produce
a(n) _____ for water, which will lead to a(n) _____ to get water.
instinct;
motivation; need
instinct;
motivation; drive
need; motivation;
drive
need; drive;
motivation
2 points
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2 points
Question 75
1. You just
ran a marathon in very hot weather and perspired heavily. According to drive
reduction theory, your body will have a(n) _____ for water, which will produce
a(n) _____ for water, which will lead to a(n) _____ to get water.
instinct;
motivation; need
instinct;
motivation; drive
need; motivation;
drive
need; drive;
motivation
2 points
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