GED 216 Sociology Unit 1 Exam
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1.
Because there is more social isolation in rural areas of the United States than
in urban areas, we could expect suicide rates to be
a.
higher in urban areas.
b.
higher in rural areas.
c.
high in both urban and rural areas.
d.
low in both urban and rural areas.
2.
Sociologists use the term “social marginality” to refer to
a.
people who have little understanding of sociology.
b.
people who have special social skills.
c.
people who are defined by others as an “outsider.”
d.
people who are especially sensitive about their family background.
3.
If social marginality encourages sociological thinking, we would expect people
in whichcategory listed below to make the most use of the sociological
perspective?
a.
the wealthy
b.
disabled persons or people who are a racial minority
c.
politicians
d.
the middle class
4.
Following the thinking of C. Wright Mills, we would expect the sociological
imagination to be more widespread in a population
a.
during times of peace and prosperity.
b.
among the very rich.
c.
among very religious people.
d.
during times of social crisis.
5.
Wright Mills claimed that the “sociological imagination” transformed
a.
common sense into laws of society.
b.
people into supporters of the status quo.
c.
personal problems into public issues.
d.
scientific research into common sense.
6.
The United States falls within which category of the world’s nations?
a.
low-income nations
b.
middle-income nations
c.
high-income nations
d.
socially marginalized nations
7.
Countries in which average people’s income is typical for the world as a whole
and in which people are as likely to live in a rural area as in an urban area
are categorized as
a.
low-income nations.
b.
middle-income nations.
c.
high-income nations.
d.
socially marginalized nations.
8.
The nations of Western Europe, Israel, Japan, and Australia fall into which
category of countries?
a.
low-income nations
b.
middle-income nations
c.
high-income nations
d.
socially marginalized nations
9.
It is difficult to establish all the cause-and-effect relationships in a social
situation because
a.
most patterns of behavior have a single cause.
b.
most patterns of behavior are random and have no cause at all.
c.
most patterns of behavior are caused by many factors.
d.
sociologists are not able to reach conclusions about cause and effect.
10.
The ideal of objectivity means that a researcher must
a.
not personally care about the topic being studied.
b.
try to adopt a stance of personal neutrality toward the outcome of the
research.
c.
study issues that have no value to society as a whole.
d.
carry out research that will encourage desirable social change.
11.
The sociologist who called on his colleagues to be “value-free” in the conduct
of their research was
a.
Karl Marx.
b.
Emile Durkheim.
c.
Herbert Spencer.
d.
Max Weber.
12.
Imagine that you are repeating research done by someone else in order to assess
the accuracy.
You
are doing which of the following?
a.
replication
b.
objectification
c.
reliability
d.
scientific control
13.
Sociologists cannot precisely predict any person’s behavior because
a.
human behavior is highly complex and has many causes.
b.
the discipline of sociology is too new.
c.
there are too many competing sociological approaches.
d.
sociology is not scientific.
14.
Positivist sociology
a.
focuses on the meaning people attach to behavior.
b.
seeks to bring about desirable social change.
c.
favors qualitative data.
d.
favors quantitative data.
15.
Interpretive sociology refers to sociology that
a.
focuses on action.
b.
sees an objective reality “out there.”
c.
focuses on the meaning people attach to their social world.
d.
seeks to bring about change.
16.
Which German word meaning “understanding” was used by Max Weber to describe his
approach to sociological research?
a.
Gemeinschaft
b.
Gesellschaft
c.
Verstehen
d.
Verboten
17.
Critical sociology
a.
focuses on the meaning people attach to behavior.
b.
seeks to bring about desirable social change.
c.
endorses the principle of being value-free.
d.
is based on Weber’s principle of verstehen
18.
Critical sociology can best be described as a(n) ________ approach.
a.
activist
b.
scientific
c.
qualitative
d.
value-free
19.
The Sapir-Whorf thesis states that
a.
language involves attaching labels to the real world.
c.
most words have the same meaning if spoken in different languages.
d.
every word exists in all known languages.
20.
Standards by which people who share culture define what is desirable, good, and
beautiful are called
a.
folkways.
b.
norms.
c.
mores.
d.
values.
21.
The dominant values of U.S. culture include
a.
a deep respect for the traditions of the past.
b.
a belief in equality of condition for all.
c.
a belief in individuality.
d.
belief in intuition over science.
22.
While one dominant value of U.S. culture is the right to equal opportunity and
freedom, another is
a.
equality of condition.
b.
material comfort.
c.
racism and group superiority.
d.
belief in tradition.
23.
Key values of U.S. culture
a.
always fit together easily.
b.
change quickly, even from year to year.
c.
are shared by absolutely everyone in a society.
d.
are sometimes in conflict with one another.
24.
An emerging value in our society is
a.
“What was good enough for my parents is good enough for me.”
b.
“The present is better than the past.”
c.
“Work is important, but I want more time for leisure and personal growth.”
d.
“It’s good to be free.”
25.
Low-income countries have cultures that value
a.
economic survival.
b.
equal standing for women and men.
c.
self-expression.
d.
individualism.
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